The national average cost to rewire a home is approximately $12,000–$18,000 for a mid-size house, with most projects falling between $8,000 and $30,000 depending on home size, scope of work, and regional labor rates. On a per-square-foot basis, complete rewiring typically runs $3–$9 per square foot.
This guide compiles cost data across six dimensions: home size, project scope, labor, materials, add-on costs, and regional variation. It draws from primary sources, including Bureau of Labor Statistics occupational wage data and Gordian’s quarterly construction materials index.
Home Rewiring Cost by Square Footage
Home size is the single largest driver of total rewiring cost. Larger homes require more wire, more outlets, and more labor hours. The table below estimates the total project cost by square footage at the national average rate of $3–$9 per square foot for a complete rewire, including labor and materials. Costs assume copper wiring, standard accessibility, and no panel upgrade.
| Home Size (sq ft) | Low Estimate | Mid Estimate | High Estimate | Approx. Labor Days |
| 800 sq ft | $2,400 | $4,800 | $7,200 | 2–4 days |
| 1,000 sq ft | $3,000 | $6,000 | $9,000 | 3–5 days |
| 1,200 sq ft | $3,600 | $7,200 | $10,800 | 3–5 days |
| 1,500 sq ft | $4,500 | $9,000 | $13,500 | 4–6 days |
| 1,800 sq ft | $5,400 | $10,800 | $16,200 | 5–7 days |
| 2,000 sq ft | $6,000 | $12,000 | $18,000 | 5–8 days |
| 2,500 sq ft | $7,500 | $15,000 | $22,500 | 6–10 days |
| 3,000 sq ft | $9,000 | $18,000 | $27,000 | 7–10 days |
| 3,500 sq ft | $10,500 | $21,000 | $31,500 | 8–12 days |
Note: Labor timeline assumes a 2–3 person crew. Older homes with plaster walls, tight attics, or limited crawlspace access can add 20–30% to both time and cost. Panel upgrades, permits, and drywall repair are not included in these figures.
Home Rewiring Cost by Scope of Work
Not all rewiring projects are the same. The table below breaks down typical cost ranges by scope, from a single-room update to a full-house replacement. Costs include labor and materials but exclude permits and panel upgrades unless noted.
| Scope of Work | Typical Cost Range | Notes |
| Single room (basic update) | $600–$2,500 | Bedroom, office, or laundry room; minimal wall access needed |
| Kitchen rewire | $1,500–$4,000 | Dedicated circuits for appliances increase complexity |
| Partial rewire (1–2 floors) | $3,000–$10,000 | Selective upgrade of outdated circuits or knob-and-tube sections |
| Full house rewire, new construction | $4,000–$9,000 | Open walls allow faster, lower-cost installation ($3–$5/sq ft) |
| Full house rewire, existing home | $8,000–$30,000 | Finished walls increase labor significantly ($5–$9/sq ft) |
| Full house + panel upgrade | $10,000–$35,000 | Includes 200-amp service panel replacement |
| Knob-and-tube replacement | $15,000–$40,000 | Pre-1940s systems; extensive labor due to access challenges |
| Aluminum wiring remediation | $8,000–$20,000 | Homes built 1965–1972; may require pigtailing or full replacement |
Why the range is wide: The biggest variable is wall access. If electricians can run wire through an open attic, basement, or crawlspace, labor costs drop significantly. Homes with finished ceilings, concrete block walls, or multiple additions require more cutting, patching, and fishing, which drives costs toward the high end.
Home Rewiring Labor Cost Breakdown
Labor accounts for up to 70% of the total cost of a home rewiring project. Electricians bill at different rates depending on license level, whether they are union or non-union, and regional market conditions.
National electrician wage data (BLS, May 2024)
The Bureau of Labor Statistics publishes annual wage data for electricians under occupation code 47-2111. The most recent full dataset is from May 2024.
| Wage Percentile | Annual Wage | Approx. Hourly (40-hr week) |
| 10th percentile (entry-level) | $39,430 | ~$19/hr |
| 25th percentile | $50,540 | ~$24/hr |
| Median (50th percentile) | $62,350 | ~$30/hr |
| 75th percentile | $83,640 | ~$40/hr |
| 90th percentile (top earners) | $106,030 | ~$51/hr |
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics, May 2024. These figures reflect employee wages. Contractors bill clients at higher rates to cover overhead, insurance, vehicle costs, and profit margin.
Home Rewiring Materials Cost Breakdown
Materials typically represent 30–60% of total rewiring cost. Copper wire is the primary material expense and has experienced significant price volatility in recent years.
Copper wire pricing trends
According to Gordian’s quarterly construction cost index, copper electric wire prices have risen for five consecutive quarters as of Q4 2025, with costs up approximately 8.9% year-over-year. The national average price for copper electric wire stood at $393.64 per MLF (thousand linear square feet) as of Q3 2025.
Broader market context: copper wire prices are up roughly 15% since Q4 2023, driven by sustained demand from renewable energy projects, EV infrastructure, and data center construction, all of which compete for the same copper supply as residential contractors.
| Period | Copper Wire Price (National Avg.) | QoQ Change | YoY Change |
| Q1 2025 | $395.15/MLF | +0.76% | +8.9% |
| Q2 2025 | Peak quarter | +7.86% vs. Q1 | +15.2% |
| Q3 2025 | $393.64/MLF | -0.37% (slight dip) | +8.9% |
| Q4 2025 (conduit) | $127.88/CLF | Flat vs. Q3 | +1.63% |
Source: Gordian Construction Cost Data, quarterly copper price updates, January 2026.
Common residential wiring materials and cost ranges
The following table covers the primary materials involved in a full home rewire. Prices reflect typical residential-grade materials and do not include labor.
| Material | Unit | Typical Cost Range | Notes |
| NM-B cable (Romex) 14/2 | Per linear foot | $0.50–$1.20 | Standard branch circuit wiring |
| NM-B cable (Romex) 12/2 | Per linear foot | $0.80–$1.80 | 20-amp circuits (kitchens, baths) |
| NM-B cable (Romex) 10/2 | Per linear foot | $1.20–$2.50 | 240V appliance circuits |
| Electrical conduit (EMT) | Per 10-ft section | $8–$20 | Required in exposed areas by some codes |
| Standard outlet (duplex) | Per unit | $2–$8 | Material only |
| GFCI outlet | Per unit | $15–$35 | Required in wet areas by NEC |
| AFCI circuit breaker | Per unit | $35–$75 | Required in most rooms per 2023 NEC |
| 200-amp service panel | Per unit | $15–$400 | Panel only; installation adds $1,200–$2,600 |
| Light switch (single-pole) | Per unit | $2–$8 | Material only |
Tariff impact (2025): New tariffs enacted in 2025 include a 25% duty on steel and aluminum imports. These policies have contributed to copper wire prices rising 14–17% since early 2025, per industry reporting. Budget estimates for projects beginning mid-2025 or later should account for this elevated baseline.
Additional Cost Factors for Home Rewiring
Most rewiring quotes do not include every line item a homeowner will ultimately pay. The following costs are commonly added to the base labor and materials estimate.
| Cost Item | Typical Range | Notes |
| Electrical permit | $75–$1,000 | Varies widely by municipality; required for all rewiring work |
| Electrical inspection | $100–$400 | Usually required before and after; may be bundled with permit fee |
| 200-amp panel upgrade (installed) | $1,500–$3,000 | Required if existing panel is undersized or outdated |
| Drywall repair (labor) | 20–30% labor surcharge | Opening walls for wire access requires patching and painting |
| AFCI/GFCI breaker upgrades | $75 per breaker | 2023 NEC requires AFCI protection in most living spaces |
| Attic/crawlspace access surcharge | $500–$2,000 | Added if conditions make wire routing significantly harder |
| Panel relocation | $1,000–$3,000 | Moving the service panel to a new location |
| General contractor markup | 13–22% of total | If a GC is coordinating the electrical subcontractor |
| Service entrance upgrade | $3,000–$5,000 | Upgrading utility connection to the home; utility involvement required |
| Grounding system upgrade | $300–$800 | Often needed in homes built before modern grounding requirements |
Budgeting tip: Industry contractors consistently advise homeowners to add 15–25% to any base rewiring estimate to account for hidden conditions discovered during the project, especially in homes over 30 years old, where access and condition are unknown until walls are opened.
Regional Cost Variation by State
Labor rates are the primary driver of regional cost differences. Here is a breakdown of how costs can differ across different regions and states.
| Region | Est. Rewiring Cost per Sq Ft | Key States |
| Northeast | $7–$14/sq ft | NY, MA, CT, NJ, PA |
| West Coast | $8–$15/sq ft | CA, OR, WA, HI |
| Midwest | $5.50–$11/sq ft | IL, OH, MI, WI, MN |
| South | $5–$10/sq ft | TX, FL, GA, NC, SC, AL, AR |
| Mountain/Plains | $5–$10/sq ft | CO, AZ, NV, UT, MT, WY |
Electrical Fire Safety Context
The primary driver behind most residential rewiring projects is safety. Electrical malfunction fires represent a significant and consistent source of residential fire loss in the United States.
USFA residential electrical malfunction fire data (2014–2023)
The following data is published by the U.S. Fire Administration, a component of FEMA, based on the National Fire Incident Reporting System. The most recent full year of data is 2023.
| Year | Fires | Deaths | Injuries | Property Loss |
| 2014 | 23,900 | 325 | 925 | $1.20B |
| 2015 | 24,500 | 290 | 850 | $1.22B |
| 2016 | 23,500 | 310 | 800 | $1.15B |
| 2017 | 24,100 | 200 | 750 | $1.31B |
| 2018 | 25,700 | 255 | 825 | $1.49B |
| 2019 | 24,200 | 225 | 1,050 | $1.44B |
| 2020 | 23,400 | 200 | 975 | $1.34B |
| 2021 | 24,200 | 295 | 900 | $1.35B |
| 2022 | 26,100 | 185 | 850 | $1.55B |
| 2023 (most recent) | 23,700 | 305 | 800 | $1.50B |
Source: U.S. Fire Administration / FEMA, “Residential Building Electrical Malfunction Fire Trends (2014–2023),” page last reviewed February 14, 2025. Dollar loss figures adjusted to 2023 constant dollars.
10-year trend summary (2014–2023)
- Fires: +2% over the 10-year period
- Deaths: -19% over the 10-year period
- Injuries: +2% over the 10-year period
- Dollar loss: +28% over the 10-year period (inflation-adjusted)
The decline in deaths alongside rising fire counts and property loss reflects improved detection technology (smoke alarms, AFCI breakers) but also the increasing value of homes and contents. The data makes clear that while fatalities have trended down, electrical fires continue to cause substantial injury and financial harm.
Wiring types associated with elevated risk
| Wiring Type | Era | Risk Profile | Recommended Action |
| Knob-and-tube | Pre-1940s | Not grounded; insulation deteriorates; not rated for modern loads | Full replacement strongly recommended |
| Aluminum branch circuit wiring | 1965–1972 | Expands/contracts with heat; connections loosen over time; fire risk at outlets and switches | Remediation or full replacement |
| 60-amp service panels | Pre-1970s | Cannot support modern electrical loads; frequently trips | Panel upgrade to 200-amp service |
| Two-prong (ungrounded) outlets | Pre-1960s | No ground path; equipment damage and shock risk | Grounded outlet upgrade or GFCI protection |
Key Takeaways
- The national average cost to rewire a home is $12,000–$18,000 for a mid-size house, with most projects falling between $8,000 and $30,000 depending on size, scope, and location.
- Regional cost differences can account for up to 2x the total cost of rewiring a home, with projects on the West Coast and in the Northeast averaging roughly double the cost of projects in the South and Midwest.
- Most base quotes do not include permits, inspections, drywall repair, or panel upgrades, which can add $3,000–$5,000 or more. Budget 15–25% above any base estimate, especially in homes over 30 years old.
- Copper wire prices are up approximately 15% since Q4 2023 and have risen for five consecutive quarters as of Q4 2025, driven by competition from renewable energy and EV infrastructure projects.
- Residential electrical malfunction fires caused 23,700 fires, 305 deaths, and $1.5 billion in property loss in 2023 (USFA/FEMA). Homes with knob-and-tube wiring (pre-1940s) or aluminum branch-circuit wiring (1965–1972) pose the highest risk.
- The 2023 National Electrical Code expanded AFCI breaker requirements to most living spaces. Homes that do not meet current code may face compliance requirements during renovation or sale.
About This Report
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Sources
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics – Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS), May 2024. Electricians (SOC 47-2111). https://www.bls.gov/oes/
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics – Occupational Outlook Handbook: Electricians. Median annual wage data, May 2024. https://www.bls.gov/ooh/construction-and-extraction/electricians.htm
- U.S. Fire Administration / FEMA – Residential Building Electrical Malfunction Fire Trends (2014–2023). Page last reviewed February 14, 2025. https://www.usfa.fema.gov/statistics/residential-fires/electrical.html
- Gordian – Copper Price Updates, quarterly construction cost index. January 2026. https://www.gordian.com/resources/copper-price-updates/
- Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis (FRED) – Producer Price Index: Metals and Metal Products: Copper Wire and Cable (WPU10260314). https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/WPU10260314
- Construction Coverage – Analysis of BLS OEWS May 2024 and BEA Regional Price Parity data, electrician wages by metro area. https://constructioncoverage.com/research/best-paying-cities-for-electricians
- IAEI Magazine – “A Quarter Century of Protecting Homes & Occupants,” March 2024. References USFA electrical malfunction fire data. https://iaeimagazine.org
